Zambia plans to boost its copper exports to three million metric tons by 2031. This goal relies on improving the country’s railway system, according to Zambia Railways Managing Director Cuthbert Malindi. He spoke at the fifth annual Land-Linked Zambia conference in Lusaka and highlighted that rail transport is essential for mining growth, calling it the “backbone” of the copper production expansion.
Zambia is situated well, with six major transport corridors, including North-South, Dar es Salaam, Lobito, Beira, Walvis Bay, Nacala, and the new Kazungula corridor, providing multiple export routes. However, the railway system faces serious challenges that need urgent attention. Malindi compared the current situation to “a wagon with three broken wheels.” He pointed out issues like old trains, damaged tracks, and slow operations.
While funding is often seen as a key obstacle for infrastructure development, Malindi disagreed. He mentioned that Zambia Railways is already talking with foreign investors and has received a €50 million grant from the European Union for rail improvements. The real focus should be on fixing operational issues and upgrading infrastructure to handle more cargo effectively.
Rail reform is crucial because moving large amounts of copper by road is impractical. Malindi stated that transporting three million tons by road is not realistic, highlighting the need to switch bulk cargo transport to rail. Zambian law requires that at least 30% of bulk cargo be moved by rail, but the government prefers working with the private sector rather than enforcing strict penalties to meet this goal.
Another concern is the inefficient movement of cargo across borders. Malindi underlined the need to streamline processes for smoother transport from mines to export ports, reducing delays at border posts. Improving cross-border logistics is important not only for mining but also for agriculture, as Zambia aims to increase exports of maize, soya, and wheat.
Minister of Transport Frank Tayali supported these points, noting that while road transport is valuable, it is much costlier than rail. He stated that railway reform is a top priority for the government. Efforts are underway to invite private companies to operate within the rail network. Tayali acknowledged the financial struggles of the national railway company and noted that the government aims to use private sector capabilities to speed up progress. He emphasized that Zambia’s economic growth depends on strong cooperation between the government and the industry, especially in logistics. Without a reliable and efficient rail system, meeting the country’s copper and agricultural export goals will be very difficult, making railway reform vital for Zambia’s economic development plan.
